Old Age Vision Problems

With time, old age vision problems such as blurred or double vision, colour or night blindness, dry or watery eyes, redness or swelling of an eye are experienced by many. The following are brief descriptions of just some of the afflictions.

Presbyopia

This is the loss of the ability to see close objects, a normal effect of the aging process. Closer objects appear blurred due to the aging and hardening of the lens, usually occurring after the age of 40. Glasses help to correct the defect and a vitamin rich diet can prevent macular degeneration or a worsening of the problem.

Cataracts

These are cloudy spots that develop in the eye lenses with age, resulting in blurred vision. If the cataracts grow, they can cause pain and redness and may lead to a significant reduction in vision. The problem is normally corrected by cataract surgery.

Glaucoma

This is the result of too much fluid pressure within the eye, which can result in total vision loss if not treated swiftly. Fluid pressure inside the eye increases when the watery fluid between the cornea and the lens gets blocked. Eye drops, lasers or surgery may be the treatment options used.

Floaters

Floaters are one of the commonest vision problems due to aging. They are usually noticeable as small specks or cobweb type shapes that may disappear naturally, or risky surgery may be performed, with varying results.

Dry Eyes

Dryness is experienced when the tear glands malfunction, resulting in an itching or burning sensation. Women are more susceptible to the problem. Eye drops or ointments may be prescribed, but more severe bouts may require the use of special contact lenses.

Watery Eyes

Caused by constant tearing, that may be due to light, wind or temperature sensitivity. Goggles may prevent irritation but excessive tearing may be caused by an eye infection or blocked tear glands, so it is essential to seek medical advice.

Retinal Disorders

Regular check ups are the way to identify age-related retinal problems. A detached retina is a serious condition that requires immediate attention. A sudden increase in eye floaters or flashes should be the trigger to take professional advice.

This list is by no means exhaustive, but it is clear that eye care is vital, particularly with aging. A healthy diet and regular checkups can help prevent old age vision problems.

Eye problems or eye pain should never be neglected.

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Vitreous Detachment

Vitreous detachment is a condition of the eye that arises when the vitreous humour detaches itself from the retina. When this happens, sight disorders occur such as light flashes and eye floaters. Although vitreous detachment does not normally lead to sight problems in the long term, the chances of retinal detachment are slightly raised, which can lead to vision loss. The condition is quite common, especially in older people, with approximately 75% of those people over the age of 65 experiencing symptoms at some stage.

The eye itself is filled with a gel-like substance called the vitreous humour. Consisting of 99% water and 1% proteins and collagen, it helps the eye to maintain shape. In time, this gel becomes increasingly more fluid, maybe leading to shrinkage in the gel, and as a result, the outer area of the gel may become detached from the retina.

Light flashes are very common in those that suffer vitreous detachment, occurring following the stimulation of the retina as the gel pulls away. Eye floaters are formed as a result of the changes to the gel viscosity, causing small specks that cast shadows on the retina.

Vitreous detachment alone is not dangerous, and does not lead to a loss in vision. Following initial detachment, a sudden rush of light flashes and vitreous floaters is commonplace. The rate of these symptoms usually decreases within 6 months, although the majority of people will still experience low levels of flashes and floaters. In some cases, vitreous detachment may cause the retina to tear, and if not treated, may lead to retinal detachment, which could mean temporary, or even permanent loss of vision.

In general, it is not necessary to treat vitreous detachment, and although eye floaters and flashes can be irritating, they are not harmful. Even so, care should be taken to monitor the condition for any signs of retinal tears or retinal detachment, which include symptoms such as a darkening of vision in the affected eye, or a sudden increase in the frequency of flashes and floaters. If noticed, prompt treatment from a qualified medical practitioner should be obtained.

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